Fatty Liver Disease: Causes, Symptoms & Treatments Explained

Fatty liver disease is a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver. The liver naturally contains some fat. If fat is more than 5% to 10% of its own weight then it is considered a fatty liver. This condition is reversible in the beginning but if left untreated then it can lead to more serious liver problems. It is increasing all over the world due to rising rates of obesity and metabolic disorders.

There are two main types of fatty liver disease: 

1. Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2. Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Fatty liver disease can develop from various factors. The most common factors are:

1. Excess body weight particularly abdominal obesity

2. Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

3. High cholesterol and triglycerides

4. Use of Excessive alcohol

5. Rapid weight loss or poor diet

Fatty liver disease is often known as silent disease because many people do not experience noticeable symptoms at early stages. If this disease is left untreated it results in serious complications. As the disease progresses the symptoms may include:

1. Fatigue and weakness

2. Weight loss

3. Discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen

There is no specific medication approved to treat fatty liver disease till now especially nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, lifestyle changes can manage and reverse this condition at early stages:

1. The most effective treatment is gradual weight loss. This can reduce liver fat and inflammation.

2. Limit sugar, refined carbs, saturated fats and excessive salt. Add a liver friendly diet like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins and healthy fats

3. Moderate intensity aerobic exercise per week will also help improve insulin sensitivity

4. Control diabetes, high blood pressure and cholesterol levels

5. If a fatty liver is due to use of alcohol. Further use can worsen liver damage

Many people with simple fatty liver without inflammation live normal life. However, if it is left untreated it creates many complications even liver failure. Regular health checkups and liver function tests can help catch early signs and allow for timely intervention. Early detection and lifestyle modifications are key to halting or reversing liver damage.